Appaeatus fob freeing ships  holds from water



UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN XV. MAGKENZIE, OF SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA.

APPARATUS FOR FREEING SHIPS HOLDS FROM WATER.

To aZZ whom it may ckmc'erm` Be it known that I, JOHN W. MAoKENzIE, of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Raising or Discharging Tater Out of Ships Holds; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure l, is a partial side elevation and partial section of a ship with my improvements applied to it. Fig. 2, is a partial plan and partial horizontal section of the same, and F ig. 3, is a transverse section of the same in the line y, y.

Similar letters of reference, in each of the several igures indicate corresponding parts.

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement of certain chambers and valves in such relation to and in communication with a ships hold, and discharge passages that as the ship pitches fore and aft or rolls heavily any water which flows into her hold by reason of leaks being sprung shall be automatically raised therefrom and discharged into the sea, and thus loss of life and cargo and ship .avoided or prevented until succor arrives.

To enable others skilled in the art, to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In applying my invention I either select the stern, bow or sides of the ships hold4 as a place of location. Y

In the accompanying drawings, A, represents a ships hold. At the stern of the same is constructed a separate chamber B, which is divided horizontally into a series of compartments a, al, a2, o3, a4, a5. The partitions CZ, CZ, fZ, CZ, forming t-hese compartments are alternately placed horizontal and inclined. The rst or lowest compartment a, communicates with the ships hold by means of a series of passages Z), o, which are covered with flap valves opening into the chamber B, while the last or uppermost compartment a5, empties into the sea by means of passages c, c, which may be closed with outwardly opening flap valves. The partition of the compartment a, inclines downward slightly from the stern of the hold to the stern of the chamber B, and is furnished with a flap valve f, which opens upward near the stern horizontally and also has a flap valve f1, which opens upward, near the st-ern of chamber B. The partition Z2 inclines downward from the stern of chamber B, and terminates on and near the front end of the partition (Z1. It also has a flap valve fl near its front end; said valve opening upward, but in a reverse direction to that in which f1, opens. The partition (Z3, is horizontal and is furnished with an upwardly opening valve f3 at its stern end. The partition (Z4, is inclined and arranged and furnished with a valve ft, in precisely the same manner as the partition (Z2. The partition d, is horizontal and forms the top to the chamber a5.

The several partitions with the aid of parts of the ship or independent side and end plates or boards form separate closed compartments, as represented. Each of which can be inspected and have its valves adjusted by simply turning up the partitions and their attachments on the hinge joints g, g.

From the above description of parts, it will be seen that if the ship is pitching fore and aft heavily and water is running into her hold there will be no necessity for pumps being put into action, for as fast as the water runs in, it will be discharged at each downward aft pitch of the ship, into the lower compartment a, of the chamber B, through the valved passages Z), o, and from said compartment into the compartments (1,1, a2. The rst quantity which leaked into the hold having been discharged into the compartments a., al, a2, will as the ship makes a downward fore pitch, be caused to rush out of these compartments into the compartment a3, and when the ship makes another downward aftpitch the water which leaked into her hold while she was pitching forward will be discharged into the compartments a, 1.1, a?, and consequently, and also by reason of the aft pitch, the water which remained in the compartments a, al, a2, a3, will be compelled topass into the compartments a4, a5, and from thence through the passages o, o, into the sea. The discharge of the water from one compartment into another at the fore and aft pitchings of the ship, and the retention of the water in the compartment in which it was last discharged being accomplished by the alternate inclination of the partitions and the reverse set of ofthe chamber B. The partition d1, runs i a salse the valves in the manner described and represented in the drawings. The same result Will be attained if the arrangement of Valved compartments be located at one or both sides 5 of the ship or at the boW of the same.

A, and discharge passages c, constructed as and for the purposes described.

The above specification of my improved method of raising Water out of ships holds, signed by me this 31st day of December,

What I claim as my invention and desire 1859.

to secure by Letters Patent, is-

- The arrangement of compartments a, al,

a2, a3, at, a5, and Valves f, f1 &c. in relation 10 to and in communication Witha ships hold J. W. MACKENZIE. Witnesses:

GOODWIN Y. AT LEE, R. W. FENWICK. 

